10 questions to ask your surgeon before a hip replacement

Preparing for hip replacement surgery can be overwhelming. There's a lot of information to consider, and it's normal to have doubts. To help you feel more confident and prepared for your hip replacement surgery procedure, we've compiled a list of key questions you should ask your surgeon. Speaking openly with your doctor about your concerns is an important step toward a successful recovery.

Key Points to Consider

• Knowing the most suitable type of prosthesis for your specific case is fundamental.

• Understanding the risks and benefits will allow you to make an informed decision.

• Exploring non-surgical alternatives can be helpful if you're not yet ready for surgery.

• Proper preparation before the operation is key to a good recovery.

• Knowing what to expect during recovery and rehabilitation will help you manage the process better.

1. What Is the Most Suitable Type of Hip Prosthesis for Me?

Choosing the right hip prosthesis is an important step to ensure the success of the surgery and a good recovery. There isn't a single prosthesis that works for everyone; the choice depends on several factors, including your age, activity level, the cause of your hip damage, and your particular anatomy.

There are primarily two types of hip replacements:

• Partial Hip Replacement: In this procedure, only the head of the femur (thigh bone) is replaced. A metal stem is inserted into the femur, and a ball is attached to its end. This ball articulates with your natural hip socket. This is an option when the hip socket (acetabulum) is in good condition.

• Total Hip Replacement: Here, both the head of the femur and the hip socket (acetabulum) are replaced. A metal cup is used for the socket and an artificial head is attached to a stem in the femur. This is the most common option when both parts of the joint are damaged.

The materials of the prostheses also vary. The most common combinations include metal-on-plastic, ceramic-on-ceramic, or metal-on-metal. Each material has its own characteristics in terms of durability and potential reactions.

It is essential to discuss thoroughly with your surgeon, such as Dr. Santiago Manzanal, which type of prosthesis best aligns with your specific needs. He will evaluate your condition and explain the advantages and disadvantages of each option.

2. What Are the Risks and Benefits of the Surgery?

All surgical interventions, including hip replacement, carry both benefits and risks. It is essential that you understand both aspects to make an informed decision.

The main benefits are usually significant pain relief and a notable improvement in mobility and quality of life. For many patients, this translates into the ability to perform daily activities that were previously impossible, such as walking longer distances or climbing stairs with greater ease.

However, as with any surgery, there are potential risks. These may include:

• Infection at the incision site or around the prosthesis.

• Blood clots (deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism).

• Dislocation of the prosthesis (the ball comes out of the socket).

• Wear or loosening of the prosthesis components over time.

• Nerve or vascular injury during surgery.

• Difference in leg length.

• Reactions to anesthesia.

It is important to discuss your complete medical history with your surgeon, Dr. Santiago Manzanal, to assess your individual risk. He will be able to explain how these risks are minimized and what precautions are taken. For example, antibiotics are used to prevent infections and compression stockings are used to aid circulation and prevent clots. The choice of prosthesis type and surgical technique also influence long-term outcomes. Understanding these details will help you better prepare for the process and recovery, allowing you to return to your activities with greater confidence. For more information about the procedure, you can consult details about hip replacement.

3. What Alternatives Are There to Hip Replacement?

Although hip replacement is a very effective procedure for relieving pain and improving mobility, it is not always the first or only option. There are conservative treatments that can help manage the symptoms of hip disease, especially in early stages or if you are not an ideal candidate for surgery.

It is important to discuss all possibilities with your doctor to determine the best course of action.

Some alternatives include:

• Medications: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as ibuprofen or naproxen can help reduce pain and inflammation. Analgesics like acetaminophen can also be useful. In some cases, stronger medications may be prescribed.

• Physical Therapy: A personalized exercise program can strengthen the muscles around the hip, improve flexibility, and increase range of motion. This can relieve stress on the joint and reduce pain.

• Intra-articular Injections: Corticosteroid injections can provide temporary relief from pain and inflammation in the joint. Hyaluronic acid treatments may also be an option for some people.

• Activity Modification: Reducing or avoiding activities that worsen pain, such as running or lifting heavy objects, can be beneficial. Switching to low-impact activities like swimming or cycling can maintain fitness without aggravating the condition.

• Mobility Aids: The use of canes, crutches, or walkers can reduce pressure on the hip and improve walking stability.

In some cases, less invasive procedures than total hip replacement may be considered. For example, anterior hip surgery is a minimally invasive technique that aims to replace the damaged joint through a front incision, which can facilitate faster recovery anterior hip surgery.

It is essential to have an open conversation with your surgeon, such as Dr. Santiago Manzanal, about these alternatives. He will be able to evaluate your specific condition and guide you toward the most appropriate treatment option for you.

4. How Should I Prepare for the Operation?

Proper preparation is a key step to ensuring the success of your hip replacement surgery. Following your medical team's instructions will help you feel more confident and optimize your recovery.

Talk to your surgeon about your medications. It is essential to inform your doctor about all medications, supplements, or herbs you are taking. Some of these might need adjustment or discontinuation before the intervention. For example, if you take anticoagulants, you may need to stop them a few days before to reduce the risk of bleeding. Always consult with Dr. Santiago Manzanal about any questions regarding your medication.

Important aspects to consider before the day of surgery:

• Fasting: Generally, you will be asked not to eat or drink anything after midnight the night before the operation. This includes water, candy, and gum. However, follow the specific instructions given by your doctor, as they may vary.

• Personal hygiene: Shower the night before or the morning of surgery with an antiseptic soap if instructed. Avoid using lotions, creams, deodorants, makeup, powder, or perfumes after showering.

• Personal items: Leave all valuables, such as jewelry, at home. Remove nail polish and any body accessories. If you wear contact lenses, it is preferable to wear glasses that day, as contact lenses can damage your eyes during surgery.

• Clothing: Wear comfortable, loose-fitting clothing. For the day of surgery, athletic shoes with laces or closed-toe shoes with non-slip soles are recommended, as your feet might swell.

What to bring to the hospital:

• Personal toiletries (toothbrush, toothpaste, etc.).

• Your glasses and case.

• Your cell phone and charger.

• Comfortable clothes for discharge day.

• If you use a CPAP machine for sleep apnea or an incentive spirometer, bring it with you.

Preparation for surgery is a joint effort. By following these guidelines, you actively contribute to a safer procedure and a faster recovery. If you have any questions or concerns, do not hesitate to consult with Dr. Santiago Manzanal's team, who are there to guide you every step of the process, including preparation for possible prosthesis revisions.

5. What Type of Anesthesia Will Be Used?

Before your hip replacement surgery, it is essential to discuss with your surgeon and the anesthesiology team the type of anesthesia you will receive. The choice of anesthesia is an important decision made by considering your general health and the specifics of the intervention.

There are primarily two types of anesthesia commonly used for this type of procedure:

• General Anesthesia: With this option, you will be completely asleep throughout the entire operation. An anesthesiologist will administer the necessary medications through an intravenous (IV) line and, if necessary, a tube to help you breathe. It is the most common option for many major surgeries.

• Regional Anesthesia (Epidural or Spinal): In this case, only the lower part of your body is numbed, allowing you to remain awake or lightly sedated. An epidural catheter, a thin, flexible tube, may be placed in your back to administer pain medication before, during, and after surgery. Sometimes, it is supplemented with a nerve block near the incision area for greater pain relief.

The anesthesiologist will evaluate your medical history, including any previous problems with anesthesia or allergies, to determine the safest and most appropriate option for you. Do not hesitate to ask all your questions; the medical team is there to guide you every step of the way.

If you have any specific concerns about anesthesia, I recommend discussing them directly with Dr. Santiago Manzanal, who can offer you a detailed and personalized explanation.

6. What Is the Estimated Duration of the Surgery?

Knowing how long your hip replacement procedure will take is a common and very valid question. The estimated time for a hip replacement surgery is usually one to two hours. However, it is important to remember that this is only an estimate.

Factors such as the complexity of your particular case, the surgical technique used, and any eventualities that may arise during the operation can influence the final duration. For example, if it is a revision of a previous prosthesis or if there are specific anatomical conditions, the time could be extended.

It's good to have a general idea, but the most important thing is that the surgeon takes the necessary time to perform the procedure safely and effectively. Dr. Santiago Manzanal always prioritizes quality and precision over speed.

As with any medical procedure, preparation and execution are key. The surgical team is highly trained to manage time efficiently, ensuring that each step is completed with the utmost care. If you want to know more details about the techniques used, you can inquire about the direct anterior approach.

Remember that this estimated time does not include preoperative preparation or immediate recovery time in the post-anesthesia care unit. Your medical team will keep you informed of any significant changes in the schedule.

7. What Should I Expect Immediately After Surgery?

Once your hip replacement surgery is complete, you will spend some time in the post-anesthesia recovery room (PACU). Here, medical staff will closely monitor your vital signs, such as blood pressure and heart rate. You will also be given pain medication to manage any discomfort.

It is common to have some plastic drains near the incision. These help reduce swelling by draining fluid from the surgical area. Your medical team will tell you when they can be removed.

You will feel some pain, but this will be managed with medication. You might receive pain medication through an intravenous (IV) line or an epidural catheter, and you may have access to a patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) device to help you manage your pain yourself. Once you can eat, oral pain relievers will be the primary option.

In your hospital room, a nurse will help you get out of bed and sit in a chair shortly after your arrival. This is part of the early mobilization process.

What to expect in the first moments:

• Constant monitoring of your vital signs.

• Pain management with medication.

• Possible presence of surgical drains.

• Assistance with getting up and sitting down.

If you have any concerns about your recovery or pain management, do not hesitate to consult with the nursing team or Dr. Santiago Manzanal.

8. What Is the Recovery and Rehabilitation Process?

Recovery after a hip replacement is a gradual process that requires patience and commitment. The main goal is to regain mobility and strength to return to your daily activities.

Immediately after surgery, you will likely feel some pain and discomfort. The medical team will administer pain medication to control this. Physical therapy will also begin soon, often on the same day of surgery or the day after. A physical therapist will teach you specific exercises to strengthen the muscles around your new hip and improve your range of motion.

Rehabilitation is key to long-term success. This generally includes:

• Strengthening exercises: These will focus on the leg and gluteal muscles to support the hip.

• Mobility exercises: These will help regain flexibility and range of motion of the joint.

• Gait training: You will learn to walk safely with aids such as crutches or a walker, and gradually progress.

The duration of recovery varies from person to person, but most patients begin walking unassisted within a few weeks. You can expect full rehabilitation to take several months. For personalized guidance on your recovery, you can consult with Dr. Santiago Manzanal.

9. When Can I Return to My Normal Activities?

Returning to your daily activities after a hip replacement is a gradual process and varies for each person. Generally, you will be able to resume many of your daily activities within 6 to 8 weeks.

It is important to listen to your body and not rush.

• Light activities: Walking and gentle exercises are usually recommended from the first few weeks. You can start walking short distances and gradually increase.

• Household chores: Simple household chores can be resumed as you feel stronger, usually within the first few weeks.

• Work: The time to return to work depends heavily on the type of work you do. If your job is sedentary, you might return in 4 to 6 weeks. If it involves physical exertion or standing for long periods, it could take up to 3 months or more.

• Sports and exercise: Low-impact activities like swimming, stationary cycling, or walking are excellent for staying in shape. It is recommended to avoid high-impact sports or those with a risk of falls, such as running on hard surfaces, skiing, or playing tennis, for at least 3 to 6 months, or as advised by your doctor.

It is essential to follow the instructions of your medical team and physical therapist. They will guide you on which activities are safe and when you can progress. Consulting with Dr. Santiago Manzanal will help you set realistic expectations for your recovery and return to normalcy. Remember that continuous rehabilitation is key to maximizing your mobility and quality of life after surgery.

10. What Complications Can Arise and How Are They Managed?

Although hip replacement is a very safe operation, like any surgical procedure, there are risks and potential complications. It is important to be informed about them to know what to expect and how to act.

One of the most common complications is prosthesis dislocation, which occurs when the artificial hip head comes out of its socket. This can happen if certain movements that put stress on the joint are forced, especially during the first few weeks after surgery, when the tissues have not yet fully healed. Movements such as crossing your legs or rotating your hip inward or outward should be avoided.

Other possible complications, although less frequent, include:

• Infection: Can occur in the incision area or around the prosthesis. It is treated with antibiotics and, in some cases, may require additional surgery.

• Blood clots (Deep Vein Thrombosis - DVT): Form in the leg veins and can be dangerous if they travel to the lungs. Preventive measures are taken, such as the use of anticoagulants and early mobilization.

• Loosening or wear of the prosthesis: Over time, the components of the prosthesis can loosen or wear out, which may require revision surgery.

• Leg length discrepancy: Sometimes, the operated leg may be slightly shorter or longer than the other. This is managed with shoe inserts or, in more significant cases, with surgery.

• Nerve injury: Although rare, it can occur during surgery, causing weakness or numbness in the leg.

If you experience severe pain, sudden swelling, fever, or signs of infection in the wound, you should contact your doctor immediately. Dr. Santiago Manzanal can guide you on how to manage these situations and ensure optimal recovery after your hip procedure.

Although problems can sometimes arise, don't worry. If you have any questions about possible complications or how to manage them, visit our website to find clear and simple answers. We are here to help you understand everything!

A Step Forward Towards Better Mobility

Knowing what to ask before hip replacement surgery is an important step. These questions help you better understand the procedure, risks, and what to expect. Speaking openly with your surgeon will give you the confidence needed to make informed decisions about your health. Remember that each person is different, and your treatment plan will be tailored to your specific needs. Being well-informed is the best way to prepare for a successful outcome and a smoother recovery.

Frequently Asked Questions

What type of hip prosthesis is best for me?

There are different types of prostheses, such as partial or total replacement. Your surgeon will evaluate the condition of your bones and your lifestyle to recommend the most suitable prosthesis, which can be made of metal or plastic.

What are the risks and benefits of hip replacement surgery?

The main benefit is pain relief and improved mobility. Risks include possible complications such as infections, blood clots, or prosthesis dislocation, although these are uncommon and measures are taken to prevent them.

What other options do I have if I don't want a hip replacement?

If the pain and limited movement are not very severe, treatments such as analgesics, anti-inflammatories, or the use of a cane can be tried. In some cases, surface replacement surgery with metal caps could be an alternative.

How should I prepare for the operation?

Your surgeon will give you specific instructions. It is important to stop smoking before surgery, as this aids healing. They will also tell you which medications to take or avoid and if you should fast before the procedure.

What type of anesthesia will be used and how long does the surgery last?

The surgery is generally performed with general anesthesia, which puts you completely to sleep, or epidural anesthesia, which numbs the lower part of the body. The operation usually lasts around two hours.

What should I expect right after the operation and during recovery?

Immediately afterward, you will feel some pain and swelling, which will be managed with medication. Recovery involves physical therapy and following certain instructions to protect your new hip, such as avoiding certain movements. You will be able to walk with crutches and gradually return to your normal activities.