Robotically assisted replacement of a single compartment of the knee.
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Robotic Unicondylar Knee Replacement
This procedure is used when only part of the knee is damaged by osteoarthritis. Robot-assisted surgery allows for greater precision in prosthesis placement, which can result in improved function and durability.
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Introduction
A robotic unicondylar knee replacement is a minimally invasive procedure that uses robotic assistance to replace only a part of the knee joint with a prosthetic implant. This is done to relieve pain and improve the joint's function.
Indications
This surgery is recommended for patients with early or mid-stage osteoarthritis that affects only one compartment of the knee and has not responded to conservative treatments. The knee has three compartments: the medial (inside), the lateral (outside), and the patellofemoral (kneecap area). Osteoarthritis often starts in the medial compartment.
Surgical Procedure
The procedure may be performed on an outpatient basis or require a 1 to 3-day hospital stay. Before the surgery, a virtual 3D model of the knee is created using a CT scan. The robotic arm is inserted through a small 4 to 6-inch incision. The system provides visual, audio, and tactile feedback to the doctor, which allows for a high degree of precision in cutting the bone and positioning the implants. This minimizes damage to surrounding ligaments and bone.
Post-operative Care and Benefits
Recovery is generally quick, and physical therapy may be recommended. Patients are advised to maintain a healthy weight to reduce stress on the joint. The benefits of this robotic procedure include a small incision, less tissue injury and bone removal, better implant positioning, a shorter hospital stay, and a quicker recovery. It also results in a more natural-feeling knee. A total knee replacement can be performed later if necessary.
Risks and Complications
Potential risks include infection, blood clots, nerve or blood vessel injury, implant loosening, or fracture.