Replacement of only one part of the hip joint.
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Partial hip replacement
Partial hip replacement is an option for patients with arthritis in only one part of the joint. In this procedure, only the damaged part of the hip is replaced, preserving more bone and tissue.
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A partial hip replacement is surgery to replace only the femoral head with an artificial implant, leaving the joint socket intact. The implant consists of a ceramic or metal ball on a metal stem. There are two types: unipolar, where the prosthetic ball articulates directly with the natural socket, and bipolar, where the prosthetic ball is inserted into a larger ball that articulates with the natural socket.
Indications and Preparation
This procedure is indicated for certain types of hip fractures where the socket is healthy and is preferred for older, less active people. It can be performed immediately after an injury, and a hospital stay of a few days is typical.
Surgical Procedure and Postoperative Care
The surgery is performed with general or regional anesthesia. A surgical cut is made on the side of the hip, the femoral head is removed, and the femur is prepared to fit the metal stem. The artificial head is fixed to the stem and inserted into the pelvic socket. After surgery, patients receive pain medication, are encouraged to begin physical therapy, and are advised to avoid certain activities until the hip has healed.