Repair of the ligaments that stabilize the knee laterally.
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Collateral Ligament Reconstruction
Collateral ligaments provide lateral stability to the knee. Reconstruction of these ligaments is performed when they are damaged or torn, and usually involves attaching grafts to restore stability.
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The MCL is one of the four major ligaments of the knee, connecting the femur (thigh bone) to the tibia (shin bone) on the inside of the knee joint. It helps to stabilize the knee.
Injury
An MCL injury can result from a direct impact to the knee and may range from a minor stretch or sprain to a partial or complete tear. Common symptoms include pain, swelling, and joint instability.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis involves a physical examination and imaging tests like X-rays, arthroscopy, and MRI scans. A doctor may also perform a valgus stress test to check for MCL stability.
Management
If the knee is stable, non-surgical methods such as ice, physical therapy, and bracing are recommended. Surgical reconstruction is rarely needed but may be necessary if non-surgical treatments fail and there is residual knee instability.
Surgical Procedure (MCL Reconstruction) This procedure is for patients with chronic MCL instability. It is performed under general anesthesia and may include an arthroscopic examination to rule out other injuries like ACL or PCL tears. A donor tendon, usually from the Achilles tendon, is used as a graft. The graft is inserted into tunnels created in the femur and tibia and is then fixed with screws.